Private Equity Fund Of Funds If many trees are cut down in a forest, but others are planted
to take their place, is it still a forest? Or is a forest something
more elusive: a repository of varied life forms, a cradle for
clear-running streams, a historical continuum where children and
their fathers and grandfathers can sit atop old stumps, watch for
squirrels and talk? That's the question posed here in central
Tennessee, where giant timber-cutting machines shear native trees
off Spencer Mountain like skin off a black bear.
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Curve Equity Exposed Fund Mathematically, clear-cutting tens of thousands of trees is not
a problem. The South is growing more trees than it is cutting down.
By mid-century, trees may well cover more ground than they do
today.
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Equity Income Funds The issue is that as the timber industry cuts the region's
slow-growing oaks, hickories and other hardwoods to feed the
nation's ravenous appetite for computer paper, chipboard and other
consumer products, it is sowing a sterile substitute: vast pine
tree plantations.
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Capital Casebook Equity Many biologists dismiss these new forests as nothing more than
agricultural fields planted with nonnative trees. A real forest,
they argue, is something more messy, primal and elusive--a place to
learn not just about nature and hunting but about the world of your
ancestors.
The occupied trees are part of more than 200, 000 acres of forest the logging company owns. Pacific Lumber formally served the tree sitters with a temporary restraining order Wednesday afternoon, Bullwinkel said, giving them 24 hours to come down. But the sitters didn't budge, insisting that the ecology of the region was at stake. In requesting the temporary restraining order, the company argued the tree sitters were trespassing on private property, blocking roads and interfering with its ability to log.
Private Investment In Public Tennessee is emblematic of the transformation sweeping the
South, which today produces more wood products than any single
country on Earth.
is wholly owned by Dimensional Associates, Inc., the private equity arm of JDS Capital Management, Inc.
Equity Mutual Funds The 13 Southern states account for nearly 60% of the nation's
wood output, almost four times the current volume of the
once-mighty Pacific Northwest. The escalating timber market is
altering landscapes from Georgia to Arkansas, turning oak forests,
farm fields and marshes into man-made seas of planted pine.
Birmingham Contact Equity The question of whether these pine stands are forests or farms
is a new turn in a centuries-old quarrel over the role forests play
in America.
Private Equity Investment Firm Consider the 1890s feud between two pioneering giants in their
fields--environmentalist John Muir and forester Gifford
Pinchot--about the purpose of the first forest preserves. Muir
envisioned them as preserves for wildness, containing "thousands of
God's wild blessings." Pinchot saw them as more utilitarian, where
trees would not only grow but provide valuable building
materials.
Complying Deal Equity Funds The new forests are not the forests that Tennesseans recall from
childhood.
Equity Msn Private Wyoming The trees are mostly loblolly pine, grown in rows, mostly the
same age, the same height and cut at the same time by giant
machines. The loblolly stands are fertilized and managed and devoid
of many native plants and animals.
American Equity Investment Government and industry foresters say the plantations are highly
productive and emulate many of the roles of natural tree stands.
More efficient forests, they say, mean that more wilderness can
remain unscathed. Timber companies contend that years of
"high-grading" in old groves--harvesting the best and strongest
trees--have weakened forests, leaving behind spindly stands.
Equity Index Funds "You end up with what a professor I had in school called 'green
junk,'" said Sharon Haines, International Paper manager of
sustainable forestry.
Equity Private Team Wyoming Ecologists counter that given time and sunlight, a small oak
will grow larger, and that even a crooked tree can hold a
songbird's nest.
Equity Group Investment Most tree farms produce a single species, the fast-sprouting
loblolly, in place of a slower growing mixture of native Tennessee
oaks, hickories and sycamores. The loblollies can be harvested by
machine and replaced with seedlings in as little as 25 years, two
to five times faster than the regrowth of a traditional forest.
Capital Development Equity The amount of Southern land devoted to pine plantations will
increase 67% to 54 million acres--an area the size of Utah--by
2040, predicts a U.S. Forest Service report. Natural forests of all
types will decline 17%, meanwhile, with the most dramatic
conversion occurring in Tennessee, the report says.
Article Between Difference Barry Graden, forestry development manager for Bowater Inc., one
of Tennessee's largest timber companies, is proud of his new
forests.
Contact Equity Private Wyoming He shows off a stand of young, green loblollies, saying they
provide nesting habitat for quail, shelter for deer, wild turkeys
and rabbits, easy foraging for hawks and eagles.
Agreement Equity Investment But Graden and other forest experts concede that when planted
loblollies grow taller, the sunlight dims and creatures
disperse.
Business Equity Funds "As the canopy closes on a planted pine stand, that diversity
will drop off rather substantially," said David Wear, coauthor of
the recent Forest Service report.
Private Equity Fund The Forest Service report regards the growth of plantations as
an important hedge against suburban sprawl, which the authors say
is the single greatest threat to Southern forests.
Investment Property Home Paul E. Davis, director of water pollution control at the
Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, said pine
plantations treat the land and water more gently than, say, a
100-store mall surrounded by acres of asphalt. "It's good for clean
water in Tennessee to see a viable forestry industry, because that
keeps the land use from changing," he said.
Managed Equity Funds The conversion to plantations has been going on for half a
century. But the process accelerated in the last two decades as
Fortune 500 timber companies moved away from the Northwest to the
friendlier regulatory atmosphere of the South. Most Southern
forests are privately owned and immune from the environmental
restrictions imposed on the federal forests of the West.
Capital Entrepreneurial Equity Unlike California, most Southern states do not require timber
companies that cut trees on private land to draw up plans to
protect wildlife and water quality. Tennessee requires no
notification before land is logged.
Private Equity Hedge Funds Nor is there a lone imperiled species, like the Northern spotted
owl, which became the icon of the Northwest timber wars. No single
forest creature has emerged to trigger federal endangered-species
laws across the South. Nor can even a small number of Southern
forests be called "primeval," as in the West, since generations of
Southern settlers cleared trees for farmland that in time were
overgrown by new forests.
Email Equity Private Wyoming Today's pine plantations flourish on abandoned farms in southern
Appalachia and the Mississippi Valley, in Florida grasslands,
Alabama river valleys and in the coastal lowlands of the
Carolinas.
Equity Loan On Investment Around Spencer Mountain and elsewhere in rural Van Buren County,
neon green swaths of nonnative loblollies intermingle with the
brown bark of hardwoods. Thin bands of trees called beauty strips
still line the roads, masking the clear-cuts beyond.
Equity Income Mutual Funds "They hurt this mountain out here. It ain't nothing but a pile
of brush," said William Bouldin, 84, whose father taught him to cut
trees one at a time.
Private Equity Group Van Buren County has lost more native forest than all six
neighboring counties on the Cumberland Plateau, according to a new
study commissioned by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Private Investment Public Hardwood clear-cuts in the county were immense--averaging 186
acres, 50% beyond the timber industry's own recommended limit for
clear-cuts, said the director of the study, Jonathan P. Evans,
associate biology professor at the University of the South in
Sewanee, Tenn. The study focused on the plateau because it is part
of a region valued for its biological diversity.
Real Estate Private Equity The best example of the area's natural treasures is Fall Creek
Falls State Park, which features deep forested gorges, ancient
bonsai-sized cedars and a 256-foot-high waterfall, the highest east
of the Rockies.
Contact Equity Private Us Ecologists fear that soil runoff from clear-cutting is sullying
the crystalline creeks that flow through the park and support fish,
mussels and other aquatic creatures. After recent flooding, muddy
runoff from treeless hillsides turned Fall Creek Lake the color of
chocolate milk.
Real Estate Equity Investment For botanists, a walk through a heavily cut hardwood forest
becomes a hunt for clues that it still functions as a biological
haven. Chris Bullington, a botanist with the Nature Conservancy of
Tennessee who grew up on the plateau, says he sometimes can't find
a single rare flower or skittering salamander, and he wonders then
if the forest has been cut too many times to be repaired. Then he
spots a sign--an unusual white fringeless orchid, perhaps,
sheltered by ferns--and he is reassured.
Structuring Venture Capital "Everybody's been operating on the notion there's plenty of
trees. No one's been keeping score," Bullington said. "Now people
are bumping into each other--'Oh, you've been cutting trees on the
other side of the hill, and I've been cutting on this side.'"
Equity Private Quebec Team Tennessee forester Ronald Measles grew up in the woods around
Spencer Mountain, where his father took him hunting and taught him
to tell red oaks and white oaks apart by the shape of their leaves.
He did the same for his own son.
Equity Mail Private Wyoming Only two years ago, oak forests surrounded the small office on
Spencer Mountain where Measles works as a technician for the state
Division of Forestry. Today that office overlooks a clear-cut
field.
Investment Home Equtiy Loan Not only have the old forests vanished, but so have the small
family-owned sawmills, and the freedom of children to hike and hunt
right down the road.
Private Equity Jobs The tiny county, population 5,200, is so impoverished that it is
only now building its first sewage treatment plant. It still has
not enjoyed an economic boom from the recent logging. Machines
called "feller-bunchers" scoop up piles of logs, much like the
bright orange "Super-Axe-Hacker" that harvested Truffula Trees in
Dr. Seuss' "The Lorax." As the timber companies stripped the
hardwoods, few local residents were hired to help.
Equity Investment Strategy "They weren't employing anyone in the community. They weren't
buying anything in the community," said Van Buren County Executive
Kelly Dishman.
Education Equity Investment Much of the clear-cut hardwood goes, not to small, traditional
industries, but to chip mills such as International Paper's Royal
Blue mill in Caryville, Tenn. It produces around 200,000 tons of
hardwood chips each year with a staff of seven. Most of those chips
are used to make paper.
Private Equity Company As chip mills proliferate, small manufacturers wonder where they
will get their hardwoods. The Burroughs-Ross-Colville Co. in
McMinnville has been crafting handles for axes and hammers since
the 19th century. On an office shelf, one manager displays a hammer
that appears to be Tennessee-made, but in fact has a handle made of
foreign wood. That is perhaps the deepest fear: that not only are
local hardwoods disappearing, but the replacement wood will come
from overseas.
Equity Guide In Investment "It's really changed, it sure has," Ronald Measles said. "The
kids worked in the woods, and cut timber. Now the timber's gone. It
probably won't be back in our lifetime."
Contact Equity Private Quebec By Deborah Schoch
Los Angeles Times - 5/23/2002
Topic: Forests & Trees
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